Syphilis: Causes, routes of transmission, signs of recognition

The article was consulted professionally by the Doctor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Share99 Hai Phong International Health Hub.

Syphilis is one of the most frightening sexually transmitted diseases, seriously threatening the health and life of the person. Without timely medical attention, patients may experience many dangerous complications. So what is the cause of syphilis? How is the route of transmission and signs of syphilis recognized?

Syphilis is a bacterial infection caused by the spiral Treponema pallidum. Syphilis bacteria penetrate directly into the body during unsustr protected sex (vaginal, or oral lines), through scratches on the skin and mucous membranes when exposed to secretions from syphilis lesions.

Syphilis spirals can also be transmitted from mother to child during the fetal period from the 4th month 1000, as this spiral enters the fetal bloodstream through the umbilical cord.

Due to the structure of the genitals in an open form, the woman is more susceptible to sexual diseases than men, including syphilis. Syphilis in women without timely treatment can most likely cause damage to all parts of the body such as genital ulcers, skin rashes, muscle and bone pain, even affecting organs.

The pathogen is syphilis spiral (Treponema pallidum) found by Schaudinn and Hauffman in 1905. This spiral is spring-shaped, consisting of 6-14 twists. The resistance of this spirulina is very weak, out of the body it lives no more than a few hours. In ice water, it retains mobility for a long time, at a temperature of 45 degrees Celsius it will die after 30 minutes. Antiseptices, soaps can kill this spiral in a few minutes.

Signs and symptoms of syphilis occur in 3 periods:

• Period 1: This is an incubation period that usually lasts about 3 weeks. Then after the incubation period, the disease will begin to appear symptoms of subaptoapes and lymph nodes. Syphilis is a shallow, circular or oval stain, with no high bumps, about 0.5 – 2cm in size, clear and regular limits, a clean red bottom such as fresh meat, a hard background (so called hard antennae) and painless squeezing. Syphilis is most commonly found in the genital mucosa. In females will be common in large lips, baby lips, edges. In men often encountered in the foresst, mouth flute, scrotum, penis … In addition, syphilis can be encountered in the mouth, lips, tongue … Lymph nodes will appear 5-6 days after the presence of antennae, inguinal lymph nodes swollen and in bunched, including the largest ganglia called the queen ganglia.
• Period 2: It is a period of 45 days after the syphilis and can last up to 2-3 years. Skin and mucous lesions appear but when healed usually do not leave scars. Syphilis spirulina is prone to sepsis with symptoms of fever and lymphadenopathy. This period often has clinical manifestations such as: scattered pink-red syphilis in his torso, syphilis with a variety of forms (pinkish-red, penetrating and possible edging of scales around, psoriasis, caviar, active ovules …), hypertrophic aggregates commonly encountered in the anus and genitals , pervasive lymphadenitis and sparse forest-style hair loss.
• Period 3: Appears usually from 5, 10, 15 years after having antennae with symptoms such as deep antennae, gums in the skin, bones, organs, cardiovascular and neurological. At this stage, the person is less likely to infect his or her girlfriend because the spirulina has penetrated and is colonically covered with organs, no longer in the skin, mucous membranes.

Note: Between the 1st and 2nd periods, between the 2nd and 3rd periods, the disease may be without clinical symptoms. It is closed syphilis and is detected only by the detection of serum.

Syphilis can cause a number of dangerous complications such as:

• Syphilis spirulina can cause damage to all important bodies in the body.
• Syphilis adversely affects the skin, mucous membranes, eyes to internal organs such as the liver, cardiovascular, nervous.
• The disease can cause dangerous complications such as aortic inflammation, aortic aneurysms, body polio, psychotic disorders, hepatitis.
• Congenital syphilis can be fatal for the fetus or post-birth fetal malformations.

Syphilis spirulina is often common in lesions (antennae, mucous plaques, lymph nodes …). Therefore, the disease is highly contagious if sex is not safe with the person. The strongest transmission is period 1 and 2 when skin and mucous lesions contain many syphilis spirulina.

The disease is mainly transmitted through unsafe sex. Spirulina penetrates through the skin – the mucous membranes of the genitals are more or less rubbed during sexual contact that will cause local disease (antennae), which enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. Factors that increase the risk of spread are HIV/AIDS infection, genital diseases or lesions, unsym protective sexual behavior (oral sex, same-sex sex,…).

Syphilis can be transmitted by blood transfusions (blood transfusions or drug injections without decontamination) and indirectly through contaminated items and items.

• Build a healthy lifestyle, be faithful to one wife, one husband.
• Perform safe sexual acts, take protective measures(use of condoms).
• For the prevention of congenital syphilis it is necessary to promptly detect and treat the mother if sick during pregnancy. It is necessary to do serological reactions in a systemic way for all pregnant women.
• When detecting a disease, it is necessary to go to medical facilities for examination and treatment immediately, not to buy medicines for themselves.

If you experience or do not have the above symptoms, you should still screen for social diseases for early detection for effective treatment and avoid complications. Share99 International Health Hub currently has a screening package for social diseases, whichhelps to most accurately detect social diseases, including syphilis. The examination package is carried out with the participation of a team of highly specialized, experienced doctors, optimal facilities and a commitment to ensure the privacy of customers when visiting.

Reference source: Department of Health Prevention, Ministry of Health